Essay Medicinal Marijuana Should Be Legal - 1913 Words

Too often do Americans today turn to prescription pills as a cure-all for every ailment. From occasional headaches to chronic pain, people look for immediate results disregarding any possible side effects. Drugs which act as painkillers in the body may become very addictive and misuse can be fatal. While we should not shun western medicine, patients should be offered other types of treatment. I believe that those who are being treated with over the counter medication should be given the option of using marijuana. The problems with prescription drugs consist of health risks, dependence, misuse, cost, and effectiveness. Constantly are there advertisements on television pitching a new drug whose side effects sound†¦show more content†¦The side effects of many drugs on the market today can do more harm than good to a persons well being. Many of the painkillers are highly addictive and can quickly take over your life if you’re not careful. We see celebrities and sports heroes constantly in rehab for developing an out of control dependency. Over time the body begins to crave the drug. Once cut off from it there are possibilities for depression, and even withdrawal symptoms. Some patients do not biologically react well to certain drugs. Reactions of nausea, diarrhea, flu-like symptoms, muscle pain, blurred vision, and allergic reaction are all common occurrences. Advil causes hundreds of deaths each year yet no one overdoses from cannabis. While the government picks away at the diminutive consequences of marijuana use, there is a whole laundry list full of things that can go wrong when using a legal prescription. Those against medicinal marijuana argue many claims which could be used to argue the risks of over the counter drugs. While the DEA states â€Å"Users can become dependant on marijuana to the point they must seek treatment to stop abusing it.† the same can be easily said about any painkiller medication. They go on to say, â€Å"In 1999, more than 200,000 Americans entered substance abuse treatment primarily for marijuana abuse and dependence.† Many of those enrolled into those programs are forced to because it is apart of theirShow MoreRelatedMedicinal Marijuana Should Be Legal1512 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana popularly known as cannabis can also be used in the treatment of several ailments apart from its misuse. There are several differences that have been marked with the knowledge pertaining the medical consumption of cannabinoids and cannabis in a variety of sicknesses. For vomiting and nausea that is associated with chemotherapy of cancer, cachexia in HIV, anore xia, chronic, spasticity in numerous sclerosis and injury of the spinal cord are strong evidences of the medicinal benefits of theRead MoreMarijuana Should Be Legal For Medicinal Purposes924 Words   |  4 PagesMarijuana Should Be Legal for Medicinal Purposes You may be surprised, but there are many benefits to medical marijuana. Marijuana should only be legal for medicinal conditions because of the benefits to treat diseases and symptoms. The medical conditions would be inflammation, brain injury, etc... Marijuana should be legalized as it’s been recommended by the doctor for the dosage because it is good for other medical conditions such as chronic pain, brain injury, inflammation, and other symptomsRead MoreEssay on Medicinal Marijuana Should Be Legal690 Words   |  3 Pagesprohibiting the use of marijuana it is hard to see why it is needed. There are a few basic reasons why marijuana should be legal, and although there are nay sayers , no one can deny facts. People who try to protest the use of marijuana usually have not done their research on the subject. In this essay, I will present you the facts so you the reader can make your own decisions. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;When you watch the news there are many stories that involve marijuana use, and violenceRead MoreMedicinal Marijuana: Should It Be Legal in All States? Essay1071 Words   |  5 Pageswhether or not marijuana should be legal for medicinal purposes in all fifty states. Many people believe that marijuana is an unsuitable substitute for many of the medications we have today. On the other hand, many researchers have conducted extensive studies that have shown how beneficial medicinal marijuana can be. Many states have already picked up on this, and have laws set in place to allow the use of medicinal marijuana. Medicinal marijuana has a wide variety of uses, and should be allowed forRead MoreShould States Have Legal Control of Medicinal Marijuana?1911 Words   |  8 PagesRunning head: SHOULD STATES HAVE LEGAL CONTROL OF MARIJUANA Should States Have Legal Control of Medicinal Marijuana? Richard J. Radde Columbia Southern University Abstract The use of marijuana for medicinal treatment has recently been an argumentive issue in state politics. The intent of this paper is to inform the reader of the benefits of using marijuana to assist patients with incurable diseases and to prove that states should have the right to legally control the use of it. State’sRead MoreThe Legalization Of Medicinal Marijuana1382 Words   |  6 Pagesof medicinal marijuana is a very controversial topic within Australia. Recently, Victoria took the first steps to legalise medicinal marijuana, referenced in Victorian Government s Access to Medicinal Cannabis Bill 2015 (12th April 2016) and passed by the Victorian Parliament. This is the beginning of â€Å"the process of enabling patients to access medicinal cannabis.† In spite of this forward move, the debate still rages. There are valid and significant stances about whether marijuana should be legalisedRead MoreContinuous Debates about the Legalization of Marijuana Essay1214 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Legalization of marijuana is a notorious topic in the world today, and like any other contentious subject, it has number of support, and opposition. The valid points for both sides are plentiful, and each side feels very strong about their position on the topic. Marijuana is a psychoactive drug used for medicinal purposes, and as an illicit drug (Earleywine 34). Marijuana is the most commonly used drug in the world today. Marijuana has a psychoactive effect, and this has made it recognizedRead MoreShould Drugs Be Legal?1604 Words   |  7 Pagespharmaceutical drugs, are legal because over time people have realized that there is a cure for their temporary pain; although, arguably some have negative side effects worse than the original diagnosis. But there still is a dispute on certain illegal drugs because while some people prefer the outcome of having it legal, others strongly do not. Should their opinion solely dominate whether other people can have the ability to choose? Hopefully not, that s why tobacco is legal (and far more damaging)Read MoreThe Case Of Gonzalez Vs. Raich941 Words   |  4 Pagesnumerous treatments and medicines to help her with the pain, but nothing has seemed to work. In 1996 voters in the State of California voted that the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes should be legal. In November 1996 the law was put into use. Angel s physician decided to try marijuana for her condition. The use of the medical marijuana had alleviated Angel s pain. That being said Angel and her physician could finally relax since they had seem to find a cure. Angel was living the life thatRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1641 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Recognizing that marijuana will be in the market for a while, this paper will pinpoint detailed information on the production, transportation, effects of marijuana, and its effective control. The review of the claims integrated in the paper offers evidence and conclusive results of the local and foreign production. While using marijuana can be unsafe to a person, it is not as nearly as harmful as the stereotypes about marijuana claim to be. Furthermore, the drug seems to be well established

Microeconomics Wa 3 - 1940 Words

Microeconomics WA3 1. At its current level of production, a profit-maximizing firm in a competitive market receives $12.50 for each unit it produces and faces an average total cost of $10. At the market price of $12.50 per unit, the firms marginal cost curve crosses the marginal revenue curve at an output level of 1000 units. What is the firms current profit? What is likely to occur in this market, and why? Total rev | 12500 | Total costs | 10000 | TC=ATC(Q) = 10 ( 1000) = 10000 Profit=TR-TC = 12500 - 10000 = 2500 In this case, the profit is positive however for perfectly competitive markets in this situation, there will be zero profits in the long-run. In this market, new firms will enter the market because of the attraction†¦show more content†¦A monopoly’s total revenue is equal to the quantity sold multiplied by the price. Average revenue in a monopoly is amount of revenue the firm receives per unit sold. Marginal revenue is defined as the amount of revenue that the firm receives for each additional unit of input. A monopolist’s marginal revenue is always less than the price of it’s good. If a monopoly firm wants to increase the amount sold, they must lower the price it charges to all customers. Upon increasing the amount of goods sold, there are two affects on the total revenue; more output is sold (output effect) and the price of each unit decreases (price effect). When more output is sold total revenue tends to increase; when the price falls the total revenue tends to increase. Monopoly profit is the total revenue minus total costs and always exists. If excess profits are made by a monopolistic firm than it is an indication that the company is not allocating it’s resources properly. A monopolist should not produce quantities of product greater than that which would maximize profits. A monopolist firm should determine the level of production according to the point of production at which marginal revenue equals marginal cost. If marginal cost is greater than marginal revenue the firm can increase profit by reducing production. If marginal cost is less than marginal revenue, they can raise profit by increasing unit production. 6. In what ways can a government create a monopoly? Why might aShow MoreRelatedDifference Between Macro And Microeconomics Essay983 Words   |  4 Pagesare macro and microeconomics. This piece of writing will attempt to differentiate them and provide a summary of an article from the internet that is relevant to the topic. The writer will also attempt to define a sunk cost, how it differs from a marginal cost and how he has used marginal analysis to solve a problem. The difference between macro and microeconomics A decent attempt to differentiate among the two sub-branches of economics should start with a definition. Microeconomics is â€Å"the analysisRead MoreMicroeconomics Versus Macroeconomics Bus6101627 Words   |  7 PagesMicroeconomics versus Macroeconomics Economics for the Global Manager BUS610-1101C-02 Abstract I want to thank everyone for joining me today to review the effects of microeconomics and macroeconomics in conjunction with the healthcare industry. We will start with a brief introduction of what we will review, and then briefly hit on the subject matter in a bit more detail. â€Å"The world’s largest and most diverse economy currently faces the most severe economic challenges in a generation orRead MoreDifference Between Micro And Macro Economics895 Words   |  4 Pagesof a microeconomic phenomenon and an example of a macroeconomic one. If you look at the definition of the word micro, some words that come to mind are small and extremely tiny. Therefore, we can look at microeconomics as dealing with small quantities of the whole or specifics. At this end, microeconomics deals with things at an individual level and studies issues such as consumer behavior, individual labor market and supply and demand. According to Taylor et al. (2014, pp. 14), microeconomics studiesRead MoreThumb Rule of Pricing722 Words   |  3 Pagesmarginal revenue should equal marginal cost into a rule of thumb that can be more easily applied in practice. To do this, we first write the expression for marginal revenue: Copyright  © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall †¢ Microeconomics †¢ Pindyck/Rubinfeld, 7e. 9 of 50 10.1 MONOPOLY A Rule of Thumb for Pricing Chapter 10: Market Power: Monopoly and Monopsony Note that the extra revenue from an incremental unit of quantity, ∆(PQ)/∆Q, has two components: 1. ProducingRead MoreA Circular Flow Diagram That Includes The Government Sector1007 Words   |  5 PagesMicroeconomics A circular flow diagram that includes the government sector. 3 sector/3 market circular flow with the foreign sector added as well. . Retrieved from: www.amosweb.com 3 sectors: Household, Business and Government 3 markets: Product, Resource and Financial The household sector is responsible for consumption expenditures. It includes everyone, all the people who seek to fulfill their wants and need. This is eating, shopping and the consumption of items. Don’t let the name fool you,Read MoreEssay on Harley Davidson-Microeconomics1299 Words   |  6 PagesWeek 11 Course Paper – Harley Davidson-Microeconomics Jason Norris Rasmussen College Author Note This research is being submitted on September 13, 2012 for Mr. Rick D. Pretzsch G204/ECO2023 Section 01 Microeconomics course at Rasmussen College by Jason Norris Week 11 Course Paper - Final Submission Prepare a 3-4 page essay that summarizes how microeconomics affects your chosen company. Use your previous course paper assignments to assist you with this essay. Remember to use suggestionsRead MoreMacro And Micro Of Sweden And United States811 Words   |  4 Pagespolicy on economic wealth. Macroeconomists also determine how interests are determined and why so economies grow faster than others. (Economics) What is Microeconomics? Microeconomics is part of economics study that looks at the behavior of people and organizations in particular markets (30). Microeconomics concern is consumer decision-making and utility maximization. They also look into firm production and profit maximization and individual’s equilibrium. Study the effects ofRead MoreMicroeconomic Concepts1246 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Title Page Microeconomic Concepts Charlie Edwards Contents Page Page Title page 1 Contents page 2 1.0 Summary 3 2.0 Introduction 3 3.0 Over view of Qantas group 3 4.0 Products and Services 4 4.1 Economy and Economy plus 4 4.2 Business Class 5 4.3 First 5 5.0 Internal and external factors 5 5.1 Internal factors 6 Read MoreImportance Of The Micro Economic Environment1471 Words   |  6 PagesActivity one: 1.1Explain the importance of the micro-economic environment to business organisations: Microeconomics looks at how individual players in the economy, such as households and firms, interact. It focuses on the impact that their economic choices have on the allocation of scarce resources to meet unlimited demand. These interactions match what one party wants or demands in economic term and what the other gives in exchange (supply). Each time someone buys a chocolate bar from a newsagentRead MoreTui University Eco201-Microeconomics Module 1 Case Assignment1016 Words   |  5 PagesTUI UNIVERSITY ECO201-Microeconomics Module 1 Case Assignment Dr. Currie â€Å"And for man to look upon himself as a capital good, even if it did not impair his freedom, may seem to debase him... by investing in themselves, people can enlarge the range of choice available to them. It is one way free men can enhance their welfare.†Ã‚  (Theodore William Schultz) Education is the foundation in which people build upon as they grow older in age. From birth to death we are constantly adding to

Guinness Corporate Strategy Free Essays

Income Segmentation although Guinness don’t directly segment its product into different segments, Guinness beers are more expensive to the consumer because they target customers may be willing to pay more for what some pensive to be a distinctive taste – a taste which is more expensive to produce. The Japanese distribution system Distribution channels in Japan are very different from other countries; they are as inefficient as they are complex. The system is characterized by multiple layers of wholesalers who have developed close, personal relationships with other wholesalers, manufacturers, importers, and retailers. We will write a custom essay sample on Guinness Corporate Strategy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Moreover, these intimate relationships often serve as an informal barrier to foreign companies wishing to sell directly to end-users or retailers. Many exporters find retailers/end-users unwilling to disrupt their longstanding, personal relationships with Japanese suppliers even when the foreign company can offer a product of superior or equal quality at a cheaper price. Many Japanese retailers/ end-users are unwilling to make the switch to an â€Å"unreliable† foreign supplier. They fear a lack of commitment on the part of the foreign supplier will lead to problems. They also fear breakdowns in communication. This state of affairs has led many companies’ new-to-market exporters to complain of the complexity and lack of transparency of the Japanese system. An encouraging sign is the recent trend towards greater efficiency within the Japanese distribution system, resulting in fewer smaller retailers and wholesalers. Faced with deregulation and changing patterns of consumption, many Japanese companies are modifying marketing and sales strategies to take advantage of these developments. Imports are already benefiting from these trends, as seen in increased sales by Japanese department stores and other mass merchandisers and by a variety of new retailing ventures that match changing Japanese lifestyles. There are also indications that some wholesalers are modernizing and consolidating operations, thus reducing more inefficient elements in the system. However, the process is slow. The characteristics of the distribution system are deeply rooted in the cultural history of Japan. How to Set Up Business in Japan/ Laws Regulations on Setting Up Business in Japan Section 1. Incorporating Your Business . 1 Types of operation in Japan Foreign companies generally establish a business presence in Japan in one of four modes. 1. 1. 1 Representative office Representative offices are established as locations for carrying out preparatory and supplemental tasks aimed at enabling foreign companies to engage in full-scale business operations in Japan. These offices may conduct market surveys, collect information, purchase goods and implement publicity/advertising efforts, but they are not permitted to engage in sales activities. The establishment of representative offices does not require registration. A representative office cannot ordinarily open bank accounts or lease real estate in its own name, so agreements for such purposes must Instead De Selenga Day ten nana Outlet AT ten Torrent company or representative at the representative office in an individual capacity. 1. 1. 2 Branch office Foreign companies wishing to engage in business operations in Japan must establish a branch office or a subsidiary company. The simplest means for a foreign company to establish a base for business operations in Japan is to set up a branch office. The branch office can begin business operations as soon as an office location is secured, he branch office representative determined, and the necessary information registered. A Japanese branch office is a business location that provides services in Japan decided upon by an organization authorized by the foreign company, and ordinarily is not expected to engage in independent decision making. A branch office does not have its own legal corporate status, but instead is deemed to be encompassed within the corporate status of the foreign company. In general, therefore, the foreign company is ultimately responsible for all debts and credits generated by the activities of its Japanese branch office. A Japanese branch office, however, may open bank accounts and lease real estate in its own name. 1. 1. 3 Subsidiary company A foreign company establishing a subsidiary company in Japan must choose to establish the subsidiary company as a Joint-stock corporation (Kabuki’s-Aisha (K. K. )), limited liability company (Good-Aisha (LLC)), or similar entity stipulated by Japan’s Corporate Law. Both unlimited partnerships (Gomes-Aisha) and limited partnerships (Gosh-Aisha) are granted corporate status under the Corporate Law, but they are rarely chosen in practice because equity participants bear unlimited ether than limited liability. All types of subsidiary companies can be established by completing the required procedures stipulated by law and then registering the corporation. A subsidiary is a separate corporation from the foreign company, so the foreign company will bear the liability of an equity participant stipulated by law for all debts and credits generated by the activities of the subsidiary. Other methods by which a foreign company may invest in Japan using a Japanese corporation but without establishing a subsidiary are by establishing a Joint venture with a Japanese enterprise or investment company, and by equity participation in a Japanese enterprise. 1. 1. 4 Limited liability partnership (ALP) It is also possible to do business by using a Huge Seeking Jaggy Kumara. This type of entity, considered the Japanese version of a limited liability partnership (ALP), is not a corporation, but a partnership formed only by the equity participants, who have limited liability. How to cite Guinness Corporate Strategy, Papers

Industrial Relation

Question: Explain Industrial Relation. Answer: Industrial relation can be defined as the relationship among the individual employees and group of employees as well as employers in the setting of the organization. Industrial relation is attempted at providing solutions of conflict among the management of employees through bringing democracy, freedom, bargain and cooperation in the organization (Bartram et al. 2015). The study will describe Dunlop framework for describing its relevance with industrial relation. The study will also describe the relevance of this framework in todays modern organizational context. Apart from that the study will demonstrate the industrial relation UK from the perspective of this framework. Facts related to Dunlops System Theory According to Adeyeye (2012), John Dunlop established the most significant theory in the context of industrial labor in the year 1950. The Industrial Relation system (IRS) that was established by Dunlop indicated that the relationship was supposed to be consisted of three agents, which were management organizations, government agencies and labor or workers. All such proposed agencies perform under one environment, which can be defined by product and labor market, technology and distribution of power. All such agencies have an impact on the society, individuals and workplace. Within such environment, the agents and actors interact with each other, use political or economic power and negotiate determining rules that delivers industrial relation system. Hodder (2015) pointed out that the three proposed agencies in Dunlops System Theory such as labor unions, parties-employers and government are the main actors that construct IRS. None of the agencies or actors are supposed to act differently without any conjunction, but would rather be shaped by market, technology and political contexts. Therefore, it can be pointed out that the IRS constructs the sub system of the society with three most important environmental constraints, which are power distribution in technology and society and markets. Management Labor Relationship The management-labor relationship by Dunlops System Theory cab be pointed out by the following: Social and legal, political, technological, external or environmental economic that impact relationship of employment Interaction and characteristics of key actors such as labor, management and government Governing rules from employment relationship The Dunlops System Theory can be reflected by the following relationship: IR = f (a,t,m,p,i), where a = government, workers, employees and works t = technological context m = Market context p = power context I = ideological context The following model describes the perfect picture of Dunlops System Theory: (Source: Grimshaw, Rubery and Bosch 2014) According to Dunlop, IRS is the analytical sub-strata that operate under the disciplinary economics forming industrial nations. The sub-strata operate under same disciplinary logics, which indicate that the problems of labor relation can be solved by logical system but not by chance. Galetto, Marginson and Spieser (2014) pointed out that Dunlops system and definition concentrated the norms and rules, the agreements into analytical heart of industrial relations. Furthermore, Milner and Gregory (2014) indicated that actors such as hierarchy of managers, hierarchical workers and specialized agencies of government are the core personas of industrial system. The interrelationship between the actors forms certain rules and procedures for the industrial workplace. The carcass of regulations within the arrangement governs the actors in the place of perform. The crucial functions of professionals and experts are organized and consisted of the following: Authority and procedure of making rules Substantive rules related to budgetary and market constraints and distribution power in society Administration of rules that govern work community and work place Figure 2: System Approach Model (Source: Simms 2015) Therefore, from the discussion, it can be said that the ideology forms as the structure of industrial relationship in global perspective, but in the UK, the scenario may be more impactful which will be discussed later. Employee Relation Theory in UK perspective According to Thursfield and Kellie (2013), employee behavioral management theory relies on how the managers will better understand the human aspects to workers that will treat employees in achieving their goals. With the progress of time, managers started to concentrate more on employee satisfaction and the favorable working condition in order to enrich employee commitment. While considering the UK industry, it can be said that the employment has increased a lot from the past but it has raised the sense of intimacy among the workers, which composes group of arrangements to deal with concerning matters (Cipd.co.uk 2016). Such collective arrangements result in collective responsible outcomes. According to Gospel and Edwards (2012), while considering UK market, it can be said that industrial relationships have strengthened from the past but there is accelerated differential ideologies among the actors. However, the Dunlops model has established the centralized rules and norms, still the UK market is not able to follow such framework due to differences among employee expectation. Hodder (2015) added that diverged industrial relationship among the workers in UK have made labor management conflict that has resulted in collective bargaining. Such scenario raised a chance of illogical emotions of conflict among the employees. According to Grimshaw, Rubery and Bosch (2014), the substantiate norms of Dunlop model consisting of wages, working hours and OSH regulations are lacking under the shared ideology in UK industry. The actors, management and labor are supposed to have concealed under same shared ideology, but due to competitive business, the workers are found to be the most exploited. On the other hand, Milner and Gregory (2014) pointed out that the shared ideology of management with procedural institutions such as government agencies are quite favorable in UK, but the employee relation behavior is not effective. While considering the environmental contexts, it can be said that the technology involvement in UK is quite favorable and advanced. Simms (2015) pointed out that the influence of technology in UK has raised the bar of employee participation, particular working community and employee orientation. On the other hand, Thursfield and Kellie (2013) pointed out that with the involvement of technology, the amount of human resource requirement has reduced a lot in all the manufacturing industries of UK, but raised the requirement of supervision. The product market of UK definitely affects the management group but is completely dependent on the system where the organization operates. Economical status of the environment affects the industrial relationship in UK at the most, as it has the most stable economy (Cipd.co.uk 2016). When the economic status of the organization will be stable, it will be in a better condition for fulfilling the demand of the employees. In this way, the employees of UK industry will minimize their confliction with their respective management. According to Gospel and Edwards (2012), the sociopolitical factors are distributive power in UK, which are quite favorable for IRS but it operates outside the system, which cannot be controlled. If political scenario of UK is considered, it can be said that it has the most stable and favorable politics, which enhances business progress, which ultimately develops IRS. There is no impact of ruling party over the trade union committee and thus, the interest of employees is remained unchanged. Trade unions of UK are actually concerned for the well-being of the employees without being influenced by the ruling party of politics. Conclusion While concluding the study, it can be said that Dunlop framework is the best model of defining the industrial relation within the organizational context. The model demonstrates that the industrial relation mostly depends on three major actors concerning the business institution, which are management hierarchy, workers relation with trade union representative and government agencies forming employment policies. Other aspects of industrial relation are related to technological matter, product market and ideologies posed by different actors. Dunlop model has still relationship with maintaining effective industrial relationship. It has been found that the trade union committees of UK are always concerned regarding the wellness of employees and initiates collective bargaining with the management of the organization. Apart from that, UK Government is also favorable to protect the right of the employees through forming favorable employment policy. However, it has also been found that the ma nagement of UK based organizations are not actually interested in protecting all the rights of the employees. Thus, cooperation between the management and employees are gradually diminishing. On the other hand, technological advancement has mixed impact on the industrial relation. In some case, it has reduced the human resources for restructuring the organization, while in other cases, organizations have employed more number of employees for operating it. Trade unions of this country are ineffective by the ruling party due to stability of politics that enhances in sustaining employee interest. Reference List Adeyeye, C. T. 2012. Cocoa Production and Price Stability: An Industrial Relations Perspective.Accessed on,1(10). Bartram, T., Boyle, B., Stanton, P., Burgess, J. and McDonnell, A., 2015. Multinational enterprises and industrial relations: A research agenda for the 21st century.Journal of Industrial Relations, p.0022185614564379. Cipd.co.uk. 2016. CIPD Championing better work and working lives CIPD. [online] Available at: https://www.cipd.co.uk/ [Accessed 12 Jun. 2016]. Galetto, M., Marginson, P. and Spieser, C., 2014. Collective bargaining and reforms to hospital healthcare provision: A comparison of the UK, Italy and France.European Journal of Industrial Relations,20(2), pp.131-147. Gospel, H. and Edwards, T., 2012. Strategic transformation and muddling through: industrial relations and industrial training in the UK.Journal of European Public Policy,19(8), pp.1229-1248. Grimshaw, D., Rubery, J. and Bosch, G., 2014. The pay equity effects of minimum wages: A comparative industrial relations approach. InCreative Labour Regulation(pp. 126-157). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Hodder, A., 2015. Employment relations in the UK civil service.Personnel Review,44(6), pp.930-948. Milner, S. and Gregory, A., 2014. Gender equality bargaining in France and the UK: An uphill struggle?.Journal of Industrial Relations, p.0022185613509997. Simms, M., 2015. Unions and Job Quality in the UK Extending Interest Representation Within Regulation Institutions.Work and Occupations, p.0730888415618729. Thursfield, D. and Kellie, J., 2013. Unitary practice or pluralist empowerment? The paradoxical case of management development in UK trade unions.Personnel Review,42(4), pp.488-504.